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A listing of shade perennials for Monroe County, Pa.

Shade Perennials Native to Monroe County, Pa.

This list includes species that are native to Monroe County, Pa., and grow in shady areas (forests, woods). Those that also grow in sunny areas should probably be considered light or open shade. They are ranked by USFWS indicator codes except for those that are not coded, but all include some brief habitat notes and soil pH when known.

See also Pennsylvania native plants that grow in

• Highly acidic (4-5 pH) environments.
• Acidic habitats (5.0 to 6.0 pH)
• Mildly acidic to to neutral habitats (6.0 to 7.0 pH)
• Alkaline habitats (7.0 to 8.0 pH)

Shade plants - UPL

Actaea pachypoda	Doll's-eyes	rich woods, partial shade, moist, well drained humus rich soils	UPL
Actaea rubra	Red baneberry	hardwood and mixed-wood forest habitats on fresh or moist, fine-textured mineral soils.	UPL
Aristolochia serpentaria	Virginia snakeroot	Rich or rocky woods, thickets, ravines, slopes	UPL
Cyperus lupulinus	Umbrella sedge	dry woods, fields, waste ground	UPL
Eurybia macrophylla	Bigleaf aster	common in moist, often rocky woods	UPL
Galium circaezans var. circaezans	Wild licorice	rich woods, calcareous slopes and bluffs	UPL
Galium circaezans var. hypomalacum	Wild licorice	rich woods, calcareous slopes and bluffs	UPL
Gymnocarpium dryopteris	Common oak fern	cool, coniferous or mixed forests in ravines, often in pockets of humus	UPL
Hieracium gronovii	Hawkweed	dry open woods or thickets, usually in sandy soil	UPL
Pyrola chlorantha	Wintergreen	dry woods	UPL
Pyrola elliptica	Shinleaf	pH 4-6 dry or moist woods	UPL
Sanguinaria canadensis	Bloodroot	pH 5-6 light shade	UPL
Sanicula marilandica	Black snake root	moist woods	UPL
Thalictrum revolutum	Purple meadow-rue	dry open woods	UPL
Trillium sessile	Toadshade	moist woods	UPL

Shade plants - FACU

Agrimonia gryposepala	Agrimony	upland woods, dry to mesic	FACU
Anemone quinquefolia	Wood anemone	Moderate to dense shade, rich, moist soil	FACU
Anemone virginiana	Tall anemone	Rocky and dry open woods and prairies	FACU
Apocynum cannabinum var. cannabinum	Indian-hemp	Open woods, pastures, waste ground, disturbed sites, wooded slopes, roadsides, railroads.	FACU
Aralia nudicaulis	Wild sarsaparilla	dry open woods	FACU
Asarum canadense var. canadense	Wild ginger	Understory of deciduous (rarely coniferous) forests	FACU
Asclepias amplexicaulis	Blunt-leaved milkweed	dry fields and open woods, usually in sandy soil	FACU
Asclepias exaltata	Poke milkweed	rich woods and wood edges	FACU
Asclepias purpurascens	Purple milkweed	Sparse in low, dry areas of shady woods.	FACU
Asclepias variegata	White milkweed	Dry or rocky woods, sandy open ground, ravine bottoms, low woods, slopes, ridges, roadsides.	FACU
Asplenium platyneuron	Ebony spleenwort	dry to moist forests, often at the base of rocks	FACU
Botrychium multifidum	Leathery grape fern	abandoned fields, thickets, barrens, mostly E	FACU
Botrychium simplex	Least moonwort	rare in moist woods, meadows and barrens	FACU
Botrychium virginianum	Rattlesnake fern	common in rich loamy woods and moist wooded slopes	FACU
Campanula rotundifolia	Harebell	dry rocky slopes, bluffs and cliffs	FACU
Cardamine parviflora var. arenicola	Small-flowered bittercress	dry rocky ledges or slopes	FACU
Circaea lutetiana ssp. canadensis	Enchanter's-nightshade	common in woods and floodplains, throughout	FACU
Claytonia caroliniana	Carolina spring-beauty	moist, rocky wooded slopes	FACU
Coeloglossum viride var. virescens**	Frog orchid	rare in rich woods	FACU
Corallorhiza maculata	Spotted coralroot	frequent in dry, deciduous or coniferous forests	FACU
Cystopteris tenuis	Fragile fern	common on alkaline rocks	FACU
Diphasiastrum digitatum	Deep-rooted running-pine	dry sandy barrens, abandoned fields, scrubby woods an open forests	FACU
Diphasiastrum digitatum x tristachyum	Ground-pine	dry barrens, fields, scrubby woods, open forest	FACU
Dryopteris intermedia	Evergreen wood-fern	moist rocky woods, conifer plantations, swampy woods	FACU
Dryopteris intermedia x marginalis	Hybrid wood-fern	moist rocky woods, conifer plantations, swampy woods	FACU
Galium triflorum**	Sweet-scented bedstraw	woods and fields	FACU
Geranium maculatum	Wood geranium	woods, roadsides and fields	FACU
Geum canadense var. canadense	White avens	woods and roadsides	FACU
Helianthus decapetalus	Thin-leaved sunflower	woods and fields	FACU
Houstonia caerulea	Bluets	fields and woods	FACU
Isotria medeoloides+**	Small whorled-pogonia	very rare in dry open oak forests	FACU
Isotria verticillata	Whorled-pogonia	dry to moist, moderately acidic forests	FACU
Lilium philadelphicum	Wood lily	open woods, borders, clearings	FACU
Luzula echinata	Common woodrush	moist woods and meadows	FACU
Luzula multiflora	Field woodrush	moist woods and meadows	FACU
Lycopodium dendroideum	Round-branch ground-pine	bogs and barrens	FACU
Lycopodium hickeyi	Hickey's ground-pine	shrubby, successional sites, hardwood forest	FACU
Lycopodium obscurum	Flat-branched ground-pine	shrubby, successional sites, hardwood forest	FACU
Melanthium latifolium	Bunchflower	infrequent in moist to dry woods and rocky slopes	FACU
Menispermum canadense	Moonseed	vine	FACU
Mitchella repens	Partridge-berry	common in moist woods	FACU
Mitella diphylla	Bishop's-cap	rich, moist woods, throughout	FACU
Oclemena acuminata	Wood aster	cool moist woods	FACU
Orobanche uniflora	Broom-rape	woods	FACU
Osmorhiza longistylis	Anise root	Moist ground in wooded areas, shaded slopes, ravines.	FACU
Parthenocissus quinquefolia	Virginia-creeper	vine	FACU
Phegopteris connectilis	Long beech fern	cool shade, woods	FACU
Polygala paucifolia	Bird-on-the-wing	pH 4-5 light shade, woods	FACU
Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum	Solomon's-seal	pH 4-6 woods	FACU
Polygonatum biflorum var. commutatum	Solomon's-seal	pH 4-6 woods	FACU
Potentilla simplex	Old-field cinquefoil	dry woods, meadows	FACU
Prenanthes altissima	Rattlesnake-root	dry woods	FACU
Ranunculus fascicularis**	Early buttercup	thickets, dry woods, rare	FACU
Sanicula odorata	Yellow-flowered sanicle	moist rich woods	FACU
Smilax pulverulenta	Carrion-flower	moist woods	FACU
Solidago caesia var. caesia	Bluestem goldenrod	pH 5-7 woods, clearings, thickets	FACU
Solidago flexicaulis	Zigzag goldenrod	moist woods	FACU
Trillium undulatum	Painted trillium	pH 4-5 acid woods, bogs	FACU
Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis	Great nettle	thickets	FACU
Uvularia perfoliata	Bellwort	pH 5-6 moist woods	FACU
Viola rostrata	Long-spurred violet	moist shade; rich woods, limy soil	FACU
Viola striata	Striped violet	moist shade	FACU
Vitis aestivalis	Summer grape	vine	FACU
Vitis labrusca	Fox grape	vine	FACU
Vitis novae-angliae**	New England grape	vine	FACU
Agrimonia striata	Roadside agrimony	moist woods, part shade	FACU-
Asarum canadense var. acuminatum	Wild ginger	Understory of deciduous (rarely coniferous) forests	FACU-
Comandra umbellata	Bastard toadflax	dry open oak woods, throughout	FACU-
Cypripedium acaule	Pink lady's-slipper	Dry acidic upland woods	FACU-
Dryopteris marginalis	Marginal wood fern	rocky wooded slopes, ravines, edges, stream and road banks	FACU-
Goodyera pubescens	Downy rattlesnake-plantain	frequent in dry to moist deciduous or coniferous forests	FACU-
Goodyera tesselata**	Checkered rattlesnake-plantain	very rare in moist, coniferous or deciduous forests	FACU-
Lysimachia quadrifolia	Whorled loosestrife	Woods and open land	FACU-
Monotropa uniflora	Indian-pipe	pH 5-6 woods, in leafy humus	FACU-
Osmorhiza claytonii	Sweet-cicely	Woodlands, roadsides	FACU-
Scrophularia marilandica	Eastern figwort	open woods	FACU-
Solidago puberula	Downy goldenrod	Rocky woods, barrens, roadsides	FACU-
Thalictrum thalictroides	Rue anemone	pH 4-7 rich moist woods	FACU-
Trillium erectum var. erectum	Purple trillium	pH 4-5 rich woods	FACU-
Uvularia sessilifolia	Bellwort	pH 5-6 woods, thickets	FACU-
Viola pubescens var. pubescens	Downy yellow violet	pH 4-5 dry woods	FACU-
Goodyera repens	Lesser rattlesnake-plantain	moist forested slopes, mossy woods and swamps, often under conifers	FACU+
Phytolacca americana	Pokeweed	pH 5-6 moist thickets, clearings, roadsides; edges?	FACU+
Scrophularia lanceolata	Lanceleaf figwort	Open woods	FACU+

Shade plants - FAC

Amianthium muscaetoxicum	Fly-poison	Mesic upland forests, lower slopes of ravines, north-facing slopes. Typically on acid substrates	FAC
Amphicarpaea bracteata	Hog peanut	moist woods and thickets	FAC
Aplectrum hyemale	Puttyroot	rich moist woods	FAC
Aquilegia canadensis	Wild columbine	Open sites that are steep and rocky but somewhat moist, such as wooded bluffs of streams, wooded slopes, streambanks, banks and slopes of deep ravines, limestone bluffs and ledges, borders and clearings in deciduous or mixed woods or thickets.	FAC
Athyrium filix-femina var. angustum	Lady fern	rich moist woods	FAC
Athyrium filix-femina var. asplenioides	Southern lady fern	rich moist woods	FAC
Botrychium dissectum	Cut-leaved grape-fern	moist open woods and thickets, abandoned fields	FAC
Chamaelirium luteum	Devil's-bit	dry woods, clearings, barrens	FAC
Claytonia virginica	Spring-beauty	moist woods and meadows, often on alluvial soils	FAC
Clematis virginiana	Virgin's-bower	low woods, stream banks, thickets and waste places	FAC
Clintonia borealis	Blue bead-lily	frequent in moist woods, esp along Allegheny front	FAC
Cryptotaenia canadensis	Honewort	moist woods, wooded stream banks and seeps	FAC
Cystopteris bulbifera	Bulblet bladder fern	occasional on shaded calcareous cliffs	FAC
Dalibarda repens	Dewdrop	bogs, peaty barrens and cool mossy woods, along the Allegheny front	FAC
Deparia acrostichoides	Silvery glade fern	rich, moist woods and shaly slopes	FAC
Desmodium canadense	Showy tick-trefoil	dry open woods and fields	FAC
Diplazium pycnocarpon	Narrow-leaved glade fern	moist wooded glades and alluvial thickets	FAC
Eupatorium purpureum	Joe-pye-weed	open woods, fields	FAC
Hydrophyllum virginianum	Virginia waterleaf	rare, wooded slopes, thickets and stream banks	FAC
Laportea canadensis	Wood-nettle	low, moist woods and stream banks	FAC
Linnaea borealis var. americana*	Twinflower	very rare in cool, moist woods	FAC
Luzula acuminata var. acuminata	Hairy woodrush	swampy woods and floodplains	FAC
Lycopodium annotinum	Bristly clubmoss	cool, shaded, often moist forest, rocky sites	FAC
Lycopodium clavatum var. clavatum	Common clubmoss	bogs, open woods, rocky barrens	FAC
Lycopodium clavatum var. monostachyon	One-cone clubmoss	bogs, open woods, rocky barrens	FAC
Malaxis unifolia	Green adder's-mouth	dry to moist forests	FAC
Moehringia lateriflora	Blunt-leaved sandwort	woods, but hard to find	FAC
Orthilia secunda	One-sided shinleaf	rare in mixed hardwood forest	FAC
Osmunda claytoniana	Interrupted fern	pH 5-6 rich, mesic woods and open woods; shaded roadsides	FAC
Phegopteris hexagonoptera	Broad beech fern	rich woods, moist acid soil	FAC
Platanthera hookeri	Hooker's orchid	sandy, acidic woods	FAC
Platanthera orbiculata var. orbiculata	Large round-leaved orchid	moist woods	FAC
Polygonum scandens var. cristatum	Climbing false-buckwheat	vine, woods	FAC
Polygonum scandens var. scandens	Climbing false-buckwheat	vine, woods	FAC
Polygonum virginianum	Jumpseed	rich moist woods	FAC
Pyrola americana	Wild lily-of-the-valley	pH 4-6 woods, bogs	FAC
Ranunculus hispidus var. hispidus	Hairy buttercup	pH 5-6 moist woods and meadows	FAC
Senna hebecarpa	Northern wild senna	moist open woods	FAC
Smilax herbacea	Carrion-flower	moist woods	FAC
Smilax hispida	Bristly greenbrier	dry woods, fields	FAC
Smilax rotundifolia	Catbrier	moist to dry woods	FAC
Solidago rugosa var. rugosa	Wrinkle-leaf goldenrod	woods, fields	FAC
Solidago rugosa var. villosa	Wrinkle-leaf goldenrod	woods, fields	FAC
Thalictrum dioicum	Early meadow-rue	pH 5-6 woods	FAC
Thelypteris noveboracensis	New York fern	moist woods	FAC
Toxicodendron radicans	Poison-ivy	vine, all woods	FAC
Trientalis borealis	Star-flower	moist woods	FAC
Zizia aptera	Golden-alexander	light shade, woods edges	FAC
Zizia aurea	Golden-alexander	light shade, woods edges	FAC
Adiantum pedatum	Northern maidenhair	rich wooded slopes, ravine bottoms and damp shady woods	FAC-
Cornus canadensis	Bunchberry	cool damp woods, bogs, swamp edges	FAC-
Geum virginianum	Cream-colored avens	moist woods and swamps	FAC-
Lobelia spicata var. spicata	Spiked lobelia	dry fields and woods	FAC-
Oxalis acetosella	Northern wood-sorrel	rich moist woods	FAC-
Streptopus roseus var. perspectus	Rose mandaria	pH 5-6 cool to cold woods	FAC-
Tiarella cordifolia	Foamflower	pH 5-6 rich woods	FAC-
Viola selkirkii	Great-spurred violet	moist woods	FAC-
Maianthemum canadense	Canada mayflower	common in dry to moist woods	FAC_
Collinsonia canadensis	Horse balm	rich woods and wooded floodplains	FAC+
Cypripedium calceolus var. pubescens	Large yellow lady's-slipper	moist acidic woods	FAC+
Dioscorea villosa	Wild yam	woods, thickets, rocky slopes	FAC+
Dryopteris carthusiana	Spinulose wood fern	swampy woods, moist wooded slopes, stream banks, around foundations, conifer plantations	FAC+
Dryopteris goldiana	Goldie's wood fern	rich moist woods or ravines or at edges of swamps	FAC+
Geum laciniatum var. laciniatum	Herb-bennet	pH 4-6 savannas, thickets, woodland borders, and moist meadows	FAC+
Physostegia virginiana	False dragonhead	pH 5-6.5 light shade	FAC+
Ranunculus recurvatus	Hooked crowfoot	moist woods	FAC+
Streptopus amplexifolius var. americanus**	Twisted-stalk	pH 5-6 moist cool woods	FAC+
Viola primulifolia	Primrose violet	ph 5-6 light shade	FAC+
Viola rotundifolia	Round-leaved violet	ph 4-5 rich woods	FAC+

Shade plants - FACW-

Agrimonia parviflora	Southern agrimony	moist to wet woods and thickets	FACW
Agrimonia rostellata	Woodland agrimony	Slopes, ridges, open woods	FACW
Apios americana	Ground-nut	Wet meadows, streambanks, pond margins, moist woodlands	FACW
Botrychium lanceolatum	Triangle moonwort	occasional in moist to wet woods and hummocks	FACW
Calopogon tuberosus	Grass-pink	occasional in bogs, fens and wet meadows	FACW
Cinna arundinacea	Wood reedgrass	swamps and wet woods	FACW
Cinna latifolia	Drooping woodreed	moist shores, damp woods, bogs	FACW
Circaea x laneyi	Enchanter's-nightshade	common in woods and floodplains, throughout	FACW
Conioselinum chinense**	Hemlock-parsley	moist rich woods and streambanks	FACW
Coptis trifolia ssp. groenlandica	Goldthread	common in rich, damp, mossy woods bogs and swamps, often associated with hemlock	FACW
Corallorhiza trifida	Early coralroot	rare in moist woods or bogs	FACW
Cyperus strigosus	False nutsedge	Moist woods, fields	FACW
Cyperus strigosus	False nutsedge	Moist woods, fields	FACW
Doellingeria umbellata var. umbellata	Flat-topped white aster	Moist woods, fields, floodplains	FACW
Equisetum sylvaticum	Woodland horsetail	Moist open woods, wet meadows	FACW
Eupatorium pilosum	Ragged eupatorium	moist woods, sphagnum bogs, and sandy, peaty openings	FACW
Gentiana andrewsii var. andrewsii	Bottle gentian	Wet fields, open woods	FACW
Gentiana clausa	Meadow closed gentian	pH 4-5, moist meadows and woods	FACW
Lygodium palmatum	Climbing fern	moist thickets, barrens, swamp edges, open woods, acidic and peaty soil	FACW
Matteuccia struthiopteris	Ostrich fern	moist alluvial flats, floodplains, rich woods	FACW
Onoclea sensibilis	Sensitive fern	pH 4-8, wet meadows and woods, swamps, streambanks; usually in slightly acidic soil	FACW
Phragmites australis (invasive)	Common reed	nontidal marshes, lakes, swales	FACW
Platanthera grandiflora	Large purple fringed-orchid	Rich woods, meadows, rare	FACW
Platanthera lacera	Ragged fringed-orchid	Open woods, moist meadows, bogs	FACW
Platanthera psycodes	Purple fringed-orchid	Bogs, swamps, damp meadows, open woods	FACW
Pycnanthemum muticum	Mountain-mint	Moist woods, thickets, meadows, swales	FACW
Stellaria borealis	Northern stitchwort	Stream banks, swamps	FACW
Trillium cernuum var. cernuum	Nodding trillium	pH 5-6 peaty or acid woods	FACW
Viola affinis	LeConte's violet	Rich, moist, alluvial woods	FACW
Viola blanda	Sweet white violet	Moist woods and swamps	FACW
Viola labradorica	American dog violet	pH 5-6.5, moist woods	FACW
Viola renifolia	Kidney-leaved violet	Dry cool woods, limestone soil	FACW
Viola sororia var. sororia	Common blue violet	Moist woods	FACW
Vitis riparia	Frost grape	Riverbanks, thickets (vine)	FACW
Woodwardia areolata	Netted chain fern	Moist or wet woods, rare	FACW
Arisaema triphyllum ssp. pusillum	Small jack-in-the-pulpit	fertile, medium wet to wet soil in part shade to full shade. Needs constantly moist soil rich in organic matter	FACW-
Arisaema triphyllum ssp. stewardsonii	Jack-in-the-pulpit	fertile, medium wet to wet soil in part shade to full shade. Needs constantly moist soil rich in organic matter	FACW-
Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum	Jack-in-the-pulpit	fertile, medium wet to wet soil in part shade to full shade. Needs constantly moist soil rich in organic matter	FACW-
Huperzia lucidula	Shining firmoss	moist, shaded, mixed coniferous-hardwood forests	FACW-
Boehmeria cylindrica var. cylindrica	False nettle	moist shady ground, wet woods and stream margins	FACW+
Cyperus dentatus	Umbrella sedge	Stream banks	FACW+
Cyperus dentatus	Umbrella sedge	Stream banks	FACW+
Dryopteris clintoniana**	Clinton's wood fern	rare in swampy woods, esp. maple swamps	FACW+
Dryopteris cristata	Crested shield fern	wooded swamps or open scrubby wetlands	FACW+
Galium obtusum	Cleavers	Wet woods, swamps, bogs	FACW+
Galium trifidum	Cleavers	rare in moist woods, thickets and swales	FACW+
Listera cordata**	Heartleaf twayblade	very rare in cool sphagnum bogs or mossy woods	FACW+
Ludwigia alternifolia	False loosestrife	Swampy fields, wet woods	FACW+
Platanthera clavellata	Clubspur orchid	bogs, shores, damp woods	FACW+
Scutellaria lateriflora	Mad-dog skullcap	Wet woods, stream banks, pastures	FACW+
Stachys tenuifolia	Creeping hedge-nettle	Moist wooded bottomland, meadows	FACW+
Thalictrum pubescens	Tall meadow-rue	Rich woods, wet meadows	FACW+
Veratrum viride	False hellebore	Wet woods, stream banks, seeps	FACW+
Viola cucullata x sagittata	Porter's violet	moist woods, swamps, uncommon	FACW+

Shade plants - no indicator

Adlumia fungosa (biennial)	Allegheny-vine	best in partial shade and in a rich, moist soil, keep constantly moist.	NI
Agastache scrophulariifolia	Purple giant-hyssop	moist woods, thickets	NI
Agrimonia pubescens	Downy agrimony	Dry rocky woods, ravines, floodbanks, thickets	NI
Angelica venenosa	Deadly angelica	Dry rocky woods, along streams, rich woods, wet prairies, shaded bluffs, swamps	NI
Antennaria howellii ssp. neodioica	Howell's pussytoe	Open woods at low to moderate elevations; not common	NI
Antennaria parlinii ssp. fallax	Parlin's pussytoe	Open woods and fields.	NI
Antennaria parlinii ssp. parlinii	Parlin's pussytoe	Open woods and fields.	NI
Antennaria plantaginifolia	Plantain-leaved pussytoe	dry woods, pastures	NI
Apocynum androsaemifolium	Pink dogbane	well-drained upland forest sites, open hillsides and ridges; especially on dry/fresh, sandy and coarse loamy soils. Also in clearings and fields, along forest margins, on roadsides and disturbed ground	NI
Arabis canadensis	Sicklepod	Open woods, dry slopes, open ground, rocky ledges.	NI
Arabis glabra	Towercress	fields, open woods, ledges, usually in dry soil	NI
Arabis laevigata var. laevigata	Smooth rockcress	Rocky woods and bluffs, low woods along streams	NI
Arabis missouriensis	Missouri rockcress	Acid soils of rocky wooded slopes, ridges, sand hills	NI
Aralia racemosa	Spikenard	Rich wooded slopes, ravines, moist ledges and bluffs	NI
Asclepias quadrifolia	Four-leaved milkweed	dry, upland woods	NI
Asclepias verticillata	Whorled milkweed	open woods, dry slopes	NI
Asplenium montanum	Mountain spleenwort	shaded cliffs of noncalcareous rock; scattered	NI
Asplenium rhizophyllum	Walking fern	shaded, moss covered rock faces and boulders, mostly on limestone, scattered	NI
Asplenium ruta-muraria	Wall rue spleenwort	rare on shaded, moist limestone cliffs	NI
Asplenium trichomanes	Maidenhair spleenwort	shaded rock crevices, common	NI
Aureolaria flava var. flava	Yellow false-foxglove	dry open woods and rocky thickets	NI
Aureolaria pedicularia	Cut-leaf false-foxglove	dry open woods and edges	NI
Aureolaria virginica	Downy false-foxglove	dry open deciduous woods	NI
Baptisia tinctoria	Wild indigo	dry open woods and clearing in sandy, acidic soils	NI
Botrychium matricariifolium	Daisy-leaved moonwort	moist open woods and thickets and abandoned fields	NI
Botrychium oneidense	Blunt-lobed grape fern	alluvial soil in moist rich woods and floodplain forests	NI
Cacalia atriplicifolia	Pale Indian-plantain	occasional in open woods, fields and moist banks	NI
Caulophyllum thalictroides	Blue cohosh	moist rich woods, throughout	NI
Cerastium arvense var. arvense	Field chickweed	moist to dry, rocky slopes and sandy fields	NI
Cheilanthes lanosa	Hairy lip fern	dry cliffs and rock outcrops, subacid to circumneutral soils	NI
Chimaphila maculata	Pipsissewa	common in wooded areas	NI
Chimaphila umbellata ssp. cisatlantica	Pipsissewa	occasional in upland woods or barrens	NI
Cimicifuga racemosa	Black snakeroot	rich moist woods, wooded slopes, ravines and thickets, throughout	NI
Cirsium pumilum	Pasture thistle	dry fields, shaly hillsides, sandy floodplains, woods and roadsides	NI
Clematis occidentalis	Purple clematis	open woods, banks, rocky calcareous slopes and cliffs	NI
Conopholis americana	Squaw-root	occasional in forests, parasitic on oaks	NI
Corallorhiza odontorhiza	Autumn coralroot	occasional in rich woods on moist to dry soils	NI
Corydalis sempervirens	Rock harlequin	frequent in dry rocky woods and on rock outcrops	NI
Cunila origanoides	Common dittany	common in dry open woods, shaly slopes and serpentine outcrops	NI
Cystopteris protrusa	Protruding bladder fern	common in moist woods, usually terrestrial	NI
Dennstaedtia punctilobula	Hay-scented fern	common in mesic woods, edges	NI
Desmodium ciliare	Tick-clover	dry sandy woods and edges	NI
Desmodium cuspidatum	Tick-clover	rich rocky woods and banks	NI
Desmodium glutinosum	Sticky tick-clover	common in rich woods	NI
Desmodium marilandicum	Maryland tick-clover	dry open woods, fields and edges	NI
Desmodium nudiflorum	Naked-flowered tick-trefoil	rich deciduous woods and edges	NI
Desmodium paniculatum	Tick-trefoil	clearings and edges of moist or dry woods	NI
Desmodium perplexum	Tick-trefoil	dry or moist open woods	NI
Desmodium rotundifolium	Round-leaved tick-trefoil	dry open woods	NI
Dicentra canadensis	Squirrel-corn	common in rich, moist woods	NI
Dicentra eximia**	Wild bleeding-heart	rare in rich woods and on cliffs	NI
Diphasiastrum tristachyum	Deep-rooted running-pine	open coniferous forests, sandy barrens and clearings	NI
Doellingeria infirma	Flat-topped white aster	rocky woods, thickets, barrens	NI
Dryopteris x boottii	Boott's hybrid wood fern	swamps, moist woods	NI
Dryopteris x dowellii	Dowell's wood-fern	swamps, moist woods	NI
Dryopteris x pittsfordensis	Pittsford wood-fern	swamps, moist woods	NI
Dryopteris x slossonae	Boot's hybrid wood fern	swamps, moist woods	NI
Dryopteris x triploidea	Triploid hybrid wood fern	swamps, moist woods	NI
Dryopteris x uliginosa	Braun's wood fern	swamps, moist woods	NI
Erythronium americanum	Yellow trout-lily	moist woods and rich slopes, common	NI
Eupatorium maculatum	Spotted joe-pye-weed	flood plains, thickets, swamps	NI
Eupatorium rugosum	White-snakeroot	pH 6-7, woods,fields	NI
Eupatorium sessilifolium	Upland eupatorium	dry wooded slopes, roadsides	NI
Eurybia divaricata	White wood aster	common in woods	NI
Eurybia schreberi	Schreber's aster	common in moist woods, slopes, stream banks	NI
Fragaria vesca ssp. americana	Sow-teat strawberry	deciduous woods and wooded slopes	NI
Fragaria virginiana ssp. virginiana	Wild strawberry	open woods, slopes	NI
Galearis spectabilis	Showy orchis	common in rich deciduous forests	NI
Galium lanceolatum	Wild licorice	frequent in woods	NI
Geranium bicknellii**	Cranesbill	rare in dry open woods, clearings and rocky ledges	NI
Geranium carolinianum	Wild geranium	Dry fields, open woods	NI
Helianthemum bicknellii**	Bicknell's hoary rockrose	rare on dry rocky slopes, open woods and serpentine barrens	NI
Helianthemum canadense	Frostweed	occasional on dry, sandy or rocky ground, open woods, barrens	NI
Helianthus divaricatus	Rough sunflower	dry open woods, wooded slopes, shale barrens, roadsides	NI
Helianthus strumosus	Rough-leaved sunflower	fields, woods, streambanks	NI
Heliopsis helianthoides	Ox-eye	fields, woods, streambanks	NI
Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa	Liverleaf	common in rich woods and dry upland slopes	NI
Heuchera americana	Alum-root	rich woods, rocky slopes, shaly cliffs	NI
Hieracium gronovii x venosum	Hawkweed	dry open woods or thickets, usually in sandy soil	NI
Hieracium paniculatum	Hawkweed	dry, rocky or sandy woods, common	NI
Hieracium venosum	Rattlesnake-weed	dry, upland woods, wooded slopes, edges	NI
Ionactis linariifolius	Stiff-leaved aster	dry rocky woods and edges	NI
Lespedeza intermedia	Bush-clover	dry open rocky woods and thickets	NI
Lespedeza procumbens	Trailing bush-clover	dry woods, fields	NI
Lespedeza repens	Creeping bush-clover	wooded banks or edges in dry sterile acidic soil	NI
Lespedeza violacea	Slender bush-clover	dry upland woods, thickets and openings	NI
Lespedeza virginica	Slender bush-clover	dry fields, stony banks, serpentine barrens	NI
Malaxis bayardii*	Adder's-mouth	open upland forests and shale barrens	NI
Medeola virginiana	Indian cucumber-root	frequent in moist woods	NI
Monarda clinopodia	Bee-balm	moist woods, fields, floodplains	NI
Monarda media	Bee-balm	Low woods, streambanks, floodplains	NI
Monotropa hypopithys	Pinesap	Dry to moist woods	NI
Ophioglossum pusillum	Northern adder's-tongue	wet meadows, moist open woods	NI
Oxalis dillenii ssp. filipes	Southern yellow wood-sorrel	Rich woods, roadsides	NI
Oxalis violacea	Violet wood-sorrel	pH 6-7 open woods, stream banks	NI
Panax quinquefolius*	Ginseng	pH 4-6 moist shade to light shade	NI
Panax trifolius	Dwarf ginseng	pH 5-7 rich woods	NI
Paronychia fastigiata var. fastigiata	Whitlow-wort	Waste ground, rocky open ground, dry open woods	NI
Penstemon hirsutus	Northeastern beard-tongue	pH 5.5-6.5 fields, rocky woods	NI
Podophyllum peltatum	Mayapple	pH 4-7 medium wet, well-drained soil in part shade to full shade	NI
Polygonatum pubescens	Solomon's-seal	pH 4-6 moist woods	NI
Polygonum cilinode	Fringed bindweed	Rocky woods	NI
Polypodium virginianum	Common polypody	Rocky woods	NI
Polystichum acrostichoides	Christmas fern	pH 4-7 rich, open woods	NI
Porteranthus trifoliatus	Bowman's-root	Upland woods	NI
Potentilla canadensis	Cinquefoil	dry open woods and fields	NI
Potentilla tridentate**	Three-toothed cinquefoil	dry ridge tops, open	NI
Prenanthes trifoliolata	Gall-of-the-earth	Sandy, rocky, open woods	NI
Scutellaria elliptica var. elliptica	Hairy skullcap	open woods	NI
Sericocarpus asteroides	White-topped aster	dry woods, fields	NI
Silene stellata	Starry campion	pH 5-7 open woods	NI
Smilacina racemosa	False solomon's-seal	pH 4-6 average, medium wet, well-drained soils in part shade	NI
Smilacina stellata	Starflower	pH 4-5 light shade	NI
Smilacina trifolia	False solomon's-seal	light shade	NI
Solidago arguta var. arguta	Forest goldenrod	rocky woods	NI
Solidago bicolor	Silver-rod	pH 5-6 dry, open woods	NI
Solidago juncea	Early goldenrod	pH 5-6 dry open woods, rocky banks, roadsides	NI
Solidago nemoralis	Gray goldenrod	fields, woods	NI
Solidago odora	Sweet goldenrod	pH 4-6 dry open woods and barrens	NI
Solidago speciosa var. speciosa	Showy goldenrod	pH 6-7 moist meadows, rocky woods	NI
Solidago squarrosa	Ragged goldenrod	moist woods	NI
Solidago ulmifolia var. ulmifolia	Elm-leaved goldenrod	wooded slopes	NI
Symphyotrichum cordifolium ssp. cordifolium	Blue wood aster	woods, meadows	NI
Symphyotrichum laeve var. laeve	Smooth blue aster	dry woods, rocky ledges	NI
Symphyotrichum lanceolatum ssp. lanceolatum var. interior	Eastern lined aster	old fields, open woods	NI
Symphyotrichum lanceolatum ssp. lanceolatum var. lanceolatum	Simple aster	old fields, open woods	NI
Symphyotrichum lanceolatum ssp. lanceolatum var. lanceolatum	Panicled aster	old fields, open woods	NI
Symphyotrichum lowrieanum	Smooth heart-leaved aster	dry open woods, calcerous	NI
Symphyotrichum patens var. patens	Late purple aster	open woods, old fields	NI
Symphyotrichum undulatum	Clasping heart-leaved aster	dry woods, old fields	NI
Tephrosia virginiana	Goat's-rue	dry sandy acid woods	NI
Trichomanes intricatum	Filmy fern	felt-like carpet. moist woods	NI
Trichophorum planifolium	Club-rush	rich, dry open woods	NI
Triosteum aurantiacum var. aurantiacum	Wild-coffee	moist slopes, ravines	NI
Viola canadensis var. canadensis	Canada violet	moist woods, swamps	NI
Viola palmata	Early blue violet	dry open woods	NI
Viola pedata	Birdfoot violet	dry open woods	NI
Viola pubescens var. scabriuscula	Downy yellow violet	dry open woods common	NI
Viola sagittata var. ovata	Ovate-leaved violet	Dry woods, fields	NI
Viola sagittata var. sagittata	Arrow-leaved violet	Dry woods, fields	NI
Waldsteinia fragarioides	Barren strawberry	pH 5-6 humusy, slightly acidic soils	NI
Woodsia obtusa	Blunt-lobed woodsia	pH 5-6 shaded cliffs	NI

**PA endangered

*PA threatened

***PA extirpated

++Federal endangered